Mohammad Reza Sarvati; Reza Mansoori
Volume 22, Issue 88 , January 2014, , Pages 81-91
Abstract
With the development of new science, two quite different methods were applied to reach scientific explanation. There is an explicit distinction between these two methods (induction and analogy). In induction, generalization is reached by experience and observation. Final explanation is generally dependent ...
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With the development of new science, two quite different methods were applied to reach scientific explanation. There is an explicit distinction between these two methods (induction and analogy). In induction, generalization is reached by experience and observation. Final explanation is generally dependent on the available data, in a way that these facts cannot be separated from the final theory. Classification is a key mechanism in this approach. Thus, the proposed explanation depends on the classification method used and also on the available data and concepts used for data classification. Analogy can be considered a cause for the new research trends in geomorphology. By using analogy to explain research topics, geomorphology has become explicitly “scientific”. This requires adaptation of quantitative and mathematical techniques and establishing experience and observation as foundations of this science. With the beginning of quantitative geomorphology and its development, attention to the explanation of geomorphological processes and the performance of such processes have increased. Using theory of systems as the general structure of explanation is an important feature of scientific geomorphological revolution. Systematic approach presents the general structures in which geomorphological models can be adapted. Chorli (1966) explains the main branches of geomorphological activities as follows: field observations, experimental, secondary research and theoretical works.
Mohammad Reza Servati; Mohammad Reza Yusefi Roshan
Volume 21, Issue 83 , November 2012, , Pages 16-35
Abstract
Movements of sand and small particles (dust) because of wind occur in many different environments, but the phenomenon is much more powerful in arid areas and cover larger areas. The phenomenon is one of the most important issues arid areas face. In order to preserve buildings, agricultural lands, pipe ...
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Movements of sand and small particles (dust) because of wind occur in many different environments, but the phenomenon is much more powerful in arid areas and cover larger areas. The phenomenon is one of the most important issues arid areas face. In order to preserve buildings, agricultural lands, pipe lines and transport networks from sandstorms and from being buried in dust and sand, it seems necessary to create and develop monitoring tools and confront this natural phenomenon. Urban areas in arid lands can block movements of sand and dust suspended in wind. In arid lands and deserts population is centralized around ground water resources. Cultivated lands are limited which results in more pressure on the earth due to centralization and population being attracted to settlements. Thus, desert ecosystem near urban areas faces more damages, plant life faces destruction and soil structure will be damaged. Movements of sand and small soil particles increase and wind-related problems and issues display in a larger scale. In this regard, factors creating problem of sand and small soil particles depend on desertification factors which have gained attentions in recent years (A. J. Pilor and Honey, 1976; United Nation, 1977).
To decrease disagreeable results of sand and small soil particles movements, we need to gain enough information regarding the natural characteristics of such movements and identify factors accelerating this process, while trying to decrease the quality and quantity of these natural events. Therefore, the present article aims to identify natural characteristics, intensity, dispersion and movement of sand and small soil particles in arid areas and problems caused by wind processes. Then, the study seeks to create a new model to identify and observe sand and small soil particles movements. Furthermore, it tries to find a way to evaluate sand and small soil particles movements and dangers cause by wind erosion, and also a way to measure these movements precisely and bring them under control.
Mohammad Reza Servati; Mohammad Mahdi Hosseinzadeh; Saeed Khezri; Aadel Mansouri
Volume 17, Issue 68 , February 2008, , Pages 25-32
Abstract
Mass movements zoning is one of the methods that can help to identify critical areas in terms of slope stability and to use the zoning map obtained in sustainable development planning (Karam, 2002, p. 25). The Sanandaj-Dehgolan route is considered as one of the main routes and of highest traffic in the ...
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Mass movements zoning is one of the methods that can help to identify critical areas in terms of slope stability and to use the zoning map obtained in sustainable development planning (Karam, 2002, p. 25). The Sanandaj-Dehgolan route is considered as one of the main routes and of highest traffic in the Kurdistan province, whose transportation system in the mountainous area is threatened by mass movements. This road in the mountainous section has an unsuitable situation due to high slope of hillsides and high altitude of the area as well as the inappropriate location of the road and the consequent unsustainability of the slopes. The present study aims to determine the effective factors and elements in creating these movements using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and, based on the effect of each of these factors and elements, weigh them, and ultimately map the zoning of points sensitive to movements, and this zoning map is based on a combination of hypsometric layers, slope, slope direction, vegetation, soil type, lithology, distance from fault, distance from the road, distance from the village, drainage network density, temperature, precipitation, as well as land units and land use. Accordingly, the range was divided into four risk classes. The map was divided into four classes including very high (8.7 km2), high (28.9 km2), average (41.3 km2) and low (6.5 km2) areas of risk.
Mohammadreza Servati
Volume 1, Issue 4 , May 1992, , Pages 12-13
Abstract
Geomorphologic maps indicate different forms of the surface of the Planet and their process of formation, i.e., the product of operation of internal and external geodynamic forces on the land surface. In other words, geomorphologic maps represent the sum of the effects of internal and external geodynamic ...
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Geomorphologic maps indicate different forms of the surface of the Planet and their process of formation, i.e., the product of operation of internal and external geodynamic forces on the land surface. In other words, geomorphologic maps represent the sum of the effects of internal and external geodynamic forces on the Earth's Crust, which is the Relief-Sphere. Geomorphologic maps reveal morphography, morphometry of land forms and especially morphogenesis and morphodynamics governing these forms.
